cumulative number of cell divisions as a meaningful timescale for adaptive laboratory evolution of escherichia coli累计数量的细胞分裂为一个有意义的时间尺度自适应实验室的大肠杆菌的进化.pdfVIP

Cumulative Number of Cell Divisions as a Meaningful Timescale for Adaptive Laboratory Evolution of Escherichia coli Dae-Hee Lee.¤, Adam M. Feist*., Christian L. Barrett, Bernhard Ø. Palsson* Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America Abstract Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) under controlled conditions has become a valuable approach for the study of the genetic and biochemical basis for microbial adaptation under a given selection pressure. Conventionally, the timescale in ALE experiments has been set in terms of number of generations. As mutations are believed to occur primarily during cell division in growing cultures, the cumulative number of cell divisions (CCD) would be an alternative way to set the timescale for ALE. Here we show that in short-term ALE (up to 40–50 days), Escherichia coli, under growth rate selection pressure, was found to undergo approximately 1011.2 total cumulative cell divisions in the population to produce a new stable growth phenotype that results from 2 to 8 mutations. Continuous exposure to a low level of the mutagen N-methyl-N9-nitro-N- nitrosoguanidine was found to accelerate this timescale and led to a superior growth rate phenotype with a much larger number of mutations as determined with whole-genome sequencing. These results would be useful for the fundamental kinetics of the ALE process in designing ALE experiments and provide a basis for its quantitative description. Citation: Lee D-H, Feist AM, Barrett CL, Palsson BØ (2011) Cumulative Number of Cell Divisions as a Meaningful Timescale for Adaptive Laboratory Evolution of Escherichia coli. PLoS ONE 6(10): e26172. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026172 Editor: Katy C. Kao, Texas AM University, United States of America Received June 27, 2011; Accepted September 21, 2011; Published October 18, 2011 Copyright: