distinct neurogenomic states in basal ganglia subregions relate differently to singing behavior in songbirds不同的基底神经节neurogenomic州亚区与不同的歌唱行为在鸣禽.pdfVIP

Distinct Neurogenomic States in Basal Ganglia Subregions Relate Differently to Singing Behavior in Songbirds 1,2 1 3 1,2,4 Austin T. Hilliard , Julie E. Miller , Steve Horvath , Stephanie A. White * 1 Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, 2 Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, 3 Departments of Human Genetics and Biostatistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, 4 Interdepartmental Program in Molecular Cellular Integrative Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America Abstract Both avian and mammalian basal ganglia are involved in voluntary motor control. In birds, such movements include hopping, perching and flying. Two organizational features that distinguish the songbird basal ganglia are that striatal and pallidal neurons are intermingled, and that neurons dedicated to vocal-motor function are clustered together in a dense cell group known as area X that sits within the surrounding striato-pallidum. This specification allowed us to perform molecular profiling of two striato-pallidal subregions, comparing transcriptional patterns in tissue dedicated to vocal-motor function (area X) to those in tissue that contains similar cell types but supports non-vocal behaviors: the striato-pallidum ventral to area X (VSP), our focus here. Since any behavior is likely underpinned by the coordinated actions of many molecules, we constructed gene co-expression networks from microarray data to study large-sca