efficacy of aquatain, a monomolecular film, for the control of malaria vectors in rice paddiesaquatain功效,单分子膜、疟疾病媒控制在稻田.pdfVIP

Efficacy of Aquatain, a Monomolecular Film, for the Control of Malaria Vectors in Rice Paddies 1 1 2 1 Tullu Bukhari *, Willem Takken , Andrew K. Githeko , Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt 1 Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 2 Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya Abstract Background: Rice paddies harbour a large variety of organisms including larvae of malaria mosquitoes. These paddies are challenging for mosquito control because their large size, slurry and vegetation make it difficult to effectively apply a control agent. Aquatain, a monomolecular surface film, can be considered a suitable mosquito control agent for such breeding habitats due to its physical properties. The properties allow Aquatain to self-spread over a water surface and affect multiple stages of the mosquito life cycle. Methodology/Principal Findings: A trial based on a pre-test/post-test control group design evaluated the potential of Aquatain as a mosquito control agent at Ahero rice irrigation scheme in Kenya. After Aquatain application at a dose of 2 ml/ 2 m on rice paddies, early stage anopheline larvae were reduced by 36%, and late stage anopheline larvae by 16%. However, even at a lower dose of 1 ml/m2 there was a 93.2% reduction in emergence of anopheline adults and 69.5% reduction in emergence of culicine adults. No pupation was observed in treated buckets that were part of a field bio-assay carried out parallel to the trial. Aquatain application saved nearly 1.7 L of water in six days from a water surface of 0.2 m2 under field conditions. Aquatain had no negative effect on rice plants as well as on a variety of