role of microbial enzymes in the bioremediation of pollutants a review微生物酶在污染物的生物修复中的作用.pdfVIP

SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research Enzyme Research Volume 2011, Article ID 805187, 11 pages doi:10.4061/2011/805187 Review Article Role of Microbial Enzymes in the Bioremediation of Pollutants: A Review Chandrakant S. Karigar and Shwetha S. Rao Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560001, India Correspondence should be addressed to Chandrakant S. Karigar, karigar@bub.ernet.in Received 31 May 2011; Revised 4 July 2011; Accepted 8 July 2011 Academic Editor: Roberto Fernandez Lafuente Copyright © 2011 C. S. Karigar and S. S. Rao. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A large number of enzymes from bacteria, fungi, and plants have been reported to be involved in the biodegradation of toxic organic pollutants. Bioremediation is a cost effective and nature friendly biotechnology that is powered by microbial enzymes. The research activity in this area would contribute towards developing advanced bioprocess technology to reduce the toxicity of the pollutants and also to obtain novel useful substances. The information on the mechanisms of bioremediation-related enzymes such as oxido-reductases and hydrolases have been extensively studied. This review attempts to provide descriptive information on the enzymes from various microorganisms involved in the biodegradation of wide range of pollutants, applications, and suggestions required to overcome the limitations of their efficient use. 1. Introduction organisms like bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants for efficient b