the psychotomimetic nature of dreams an experimental study梦想的拟精神病性质的实验研究.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Volume 2012, Article ID 872307, 4 pages doi:10.1155/2012/872307 Research Article The Psychotomimetic Nature of Dreams: An Experimental Study Oliver Mason and Dominic Wakerley Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, 1-19 Torrington Place, University College London, London WC1N 6BT, UK Correspondence should be addressed to Oliver Mason, o.mason@ucl.ac.uk Received 2 December 2011; Revised 13 January 2012; Accepted 27 January 2012 Academic Editor: Anil K. Malhotra Copyright © 2012 O. Mason and D. Wakerley. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Several theories promote the similarities between dreaming and psychosis, but this has rarely been tested empirically. We assessed dreaming and waking reality using the Psychotomimetic States Inventory, a measure of psychotic-like experience originally designed for drug studies. Twenty participants completed the measure in each of two dream conditions and one waking condition. Dreams were assessed upon waking naturally and also using a movement-activated (actigraph) alarm during the night. Overall, participants reported more quasipsychotic characteristics during dreams (in both conditions) than when awake. This was most marked for paranoia and delusional thinking, but differences were also seen for perceptual abnormalities, mania, and anhedonia. The quality of dream experience seems particularly similar to psychosis in sometimes being highly self-referential and having a paranoid content. Subjective changes to cognition and affect are consistent