sex and ethnic differences in 47 candidate proteomic markers of cardiovascular disease the mayo clinic proteomic markers of arteriosclerosis study性别和种族差异在47个候选人蛋白质组心血管疾病标志物的梅奥诊所的蛋白质组动脉硬化研究的标记.pdfVIP
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sex and ethnic differences in 47 candidate proteomic markers of cardiovascular disease the mayo clinic proteomic markers of arteriosclerosis study性别和种族差异在47个候选人蛋白质组心血管疾病标志物的梅奥诊所的蛋白质组动脉硬化研究的标记
Sex and Ethnic Differences in 47 Candidate Proteomic
Markers of Cardiovascular Disease: The Mayo Clinic
Proteomic Markers of Arteriosclerosis Study
Charles X. Kim, Kent R. Bailey, George G. Klee, Allison A. Ellington, Guanghui Liu, Thomas H. Mosley, Jr.,
Hamid Rehman, Iftikhar J. Kullo*
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) susceptibility differs between men and women and varies with ethnicity. This
variability is not entirely explained by conventional CVD risk factors. We examined differences in circulating levels of 47
novel protein markers of CVD in 2561 men and women of African-American (AA) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) ethnicity,
enrolled at geographically distinct sites.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Participants (1,324 AAs, mean age 63.5 y, 71% women; 1,237 NHWs, mean age 58.9 y,
57% women) belonged to sibships ascertained on the basis of hypertension. Solid-phase immunoassays and
immunoturbidometric, clot-based, chromogenic, and electrophoretic assays were used to measure the 47 protein markers
in plasma or serum. Marker levels were log transformed and outliers were adjusted to within 4 SD. To identify markers
independently associated with sex or ethnicity, we employed multivariable regression analyses that adjusted for
conventional risk factors, prior history of CVD, medication use and lifestyle factors (physical activity, alcohol consumption
and education). Generalized estimating equations were used to correct for intrafamilial correlations. After adjustment for
the above covariates, female sex was associated with higher levels of 29 markers and lower levels of 6 markers. Female sex
was independently associated with higher levels of several inflammatory markers as well as
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