腰椎牵引患者尿潴留相关因素探析.docVIP

腰椎牵引患者尿潴留相关因素探析 　［摘要］ 目的 探讨腰椎牵引患者尿潴留原因与减少导尿几率的护理对策。方法 将180例接受腰椎牵引治疗的患者随机分为两组，骶管注射给药后接受腰椎牵引治疗的患者90例为治疗组，未用骶管给药直接牵引者90例为对照组。从年龄、性别、文化程度、体重、骶管给药与否、牵引方法和时机、排尿时间和方法等方面进行研究。结果 术后女性患者导尿率高于男性患者，且骶管给药向会阴部传感者较之向腰及下肢部放射者导尿率高。影响腰椎牵引术后尿潴留的相关因素有性别、文化程度、体重、骶管给药传感部位、牵引时机、术后饮食情况。结论 女性患者较男性易发生尿潴留，且与骶管给药传感部位有关。术后第1次排尿时间以4～5 h为佳。应加强术前宣教及床上排尿训练、术后饮食指导，以降低术后导尿率。 ［关键词］ 牵引术；尿潴留；骶管注射 The relative factors analysis of uroschesis after lumbar vertebrae traction ［Abstract］ Objective To study the cause of uroschesis after lumbar vertebrae traction and the nursing countermeasures decreasing the times of urethral catheterization.Methods All patients received lumbar vertebrae traction were divided into two groups.The treatment group，including 90 cases of patients，received sacral canal injection before lumbar vertebrae traction.The control group，including 90 cases of patients，did not receive sacral canal injection before lumbar vertebrae traction.The indexes were age，sex，educational level，weight，with or without sacral canal injection，traction method and traction opportunity，emiction time and emiction method.Results The times of urethral catheterization of women were higher than that of men.The rate was also higher in patients with feeling passed to perineum as sacral canal injection than that of patients with felling passed to lumbus and lower limbs.The relative factors were sex，educational level，weight，sacral canal injection feeling passed to，traction opportunity and postoperative dietary condition.Conclusion Uroschesis is easy to take place in women，and also related to sacral canal injection feeling passed to.The best emiction time is 4～5 hours after traction.Preoperative publicizing and education，emiction training on the bed and postoperative dietary guidance should be strengthened to reduce the times of urethral catheterization. ［Key words］ traction；uroschesis；sacral canal injection 为了提高腰椎牵引术后患者舒适度，降低导尿几率，预防腰椎间盘突出症复发，滨州市中医医院针对引起腰椎牵引术后患者尿潴留的相关因素进行研究，提出相应的护理对策。现将有关资料报告如下。 1 资料与方法