how do proteins gain new domains蛋白质如何获得新域名.pdfVIP

Marsh and Teichmann Genome Biology 2010, 11:126 /2010/11/7/126 R E S E A R C H H I G H L I G H T How do proteins gain new domains? Joseph A Marsh and Sarah A Teichmann* Abstract some will form a large number of combinations [1]. Most evolutionary changes to multidomain protein architec- A study of the contributions of dierent mechanisms tures occur at the amino and carboxyl termini in the form of domain gain in animal proteins suggests that gene of insertions of new domains, domain repetitions and fusion is likely to be most frequent. domain deletions [3,4]. Recent modeling at the protein- sequence level suggests that the evolution of most protein-domain architectures can be explained by a series Domains are evolutionarily conserved regions of proteins of simple steps, and that complex rearrangements are with generally independent structural and functional rare [5]. properties. Although only a fairly limited set of domains has been created during evolution, combining these Mechanisms for domain acquisition domains in different ways has led to the huge number of Proteins can acquire new domains by various mecha- observed protein domain architectures. ese multi- nisms. Gene fusion, in which two adjacent genes become domain proteins have diverse functions that rely on the joined, is a major mechanism for multidomain protein collective properties of their