new clues to organ size control in plants新线索在植物器官大小控制.pdfVIP

Review NNeeww cclluueess ttoo oorrggaann ssiizzee ccoonnttrrooll iinn ppllaannttss László Bögre, Zoltán Magyar and Enrique López-Juez Address: School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK. Correspondence: László Bögre. Email: l.bogre@rhul.ac.uk Published: 29 July 2008 Genome BBiioollooggyy 2008, 99::226 (doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-7-226) The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at /2008/9/7/226 © 2008 BioMed Central Ltd AAbbssttrraacctt Plant growth has unparalleled importance for human civilization, yet we are only starting to gain an understanding of its mechanisms. The growth rate and final size of plant organs is determined by both genetic constraints and environmental factors. Regulatory inputs act at two control points: on proliferation; and on the transition between proliferation and differentiation. Cell- autonomous and short-range growth signals act within meristematic domains, whereas diffusible signals from differentiated parts to proliferating cells provide measures of geometry and size and channel environmental inputs. There is large variability in sizes and morphologies in the the second phase, growth continues by cell expansion, plant kingdom, but within species there are well defined largely achieved through a turgor-driven water uptake and shape and size constraints that are only modified within concomitant loosening of the cell wall. In many plants and certain limits by environmental factors. What are the mecha- certain cell types, DNA endoreduplication (DNA replication nisms that regulate the