regulation of energy metabolism by the extracytoplasmic function (ecf) σ factors of arcobacter butzleri调节能量代谢的extracytoplasmic函数(ecf)σ因子arcobacter butzleri.pdfVIP

Regulation of Energy Metabolism by the Extracytoplasmic Function (ECF) s Factors of Arcobacter butzleri 1,2 1 1 3 3 Irati Martinez-Malaxetxebarria , Rudy Muts , Linda van Dijk , Craig T. Parker , William G. Miller , 3 1 1 2 ¨ 1 Steven Huynh , Wim Gaastra , Jos P. M. van Putten , Aurora Fernandez-Astorga , Marc M. S. M. Wosten * 1 Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 2 Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, 3 Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Albany, California, United States of America Abstract The extracytoplasmic function (ECF) s factors are fundamental for bacterial adaptation to distinct environments and for survival under different stress conditions. The emerging pathogen Arcobacter butzleri possesses seven putative pairs of s/ anti-s factors belonging to the ECF family. Here, we report the identification of the genes regulated by five out of the seven A. butzleri ECF s factors. Three of the ECF s factors play an apparent role in transport, energy generation and the maintenance of redox balance. Several genes like the nap, sox and tct genes are regulated by more than one ECF s factor, indicating that the A. butzleri ECF s factors form a network of overlapping regulons. In contrast to other eubacteria, these A. butzleri ECF regulons appear to primarily regulate responses to changing environment