the origin of the ‘mycoplasma mycoides cluster’ coincides with domestication of ruminantsu201c支原体mycoides集群u201d的起源与反刍动物的驯化.pdfVIP

The Origin of the ‘Mycoplasma mycoides Cluster’ Coincides with Domestication of Ruminants 1,2 3 2 4 4 Anne Fischer , Beth Shapiro , Cecilia Muriuki , Martin Heller , Christiane Schnee , Erik Bongcam- 5 6 6 2 Rudloff , Edy M. Vilei , Joachim Frey , Joerg Jores * 1 Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya, 2 Biotechnology Department, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 3 Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 4 Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Jena, Germany, 5 Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, 6 Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland Abstract The ‘Mycoplasma mycoides cluster’ comprises the ruminant pathogens Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae the agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum, Mycoplasma leachii and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. CBPP and CCPP are major livestock diseases and impact the agricultural sector especially in developing countries through reduced food-supply and international trade restrictions. In addition, these diseases are a threat to disease-free countries. We used a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach to gain insights into the demographic history