小切口白内障摘除术及后房型人工晶体术患者护理.docVIP

小切口白内障摘除术及后房型人工晶体术患者护理 　 作者：宋明娇 左磊 公丕欣 刘广玲 【关键词】 小切口 摘要：目的：小切口白内障摘除术具有切口小、眼内侵袭少、手术后视力恢复快等优点。方法：对100例小切口白内障摘除术的护理，诊断术前护理，尤其心理护理非常重要。结果与结论：术前保证患者充足睡眠，常规抗生素眼药水点眼，教会患者控制咳嗽和喷嚏，协助做好各项实验检查，训练患者眼球向各个方向转动，冲洗结膜囊，充分散瞳，排空大小便等。术后做好患者的饮食、活动指导，注意切口有无感染，合理选用抗生素。术后护理较以往白内障手术方式的术后护理相对简单，可早期恢复正常工作和学习。 关键词：白内障；小切口白内障摘除术；护理 Cataract Extraction by Small Incision and the Nursing　of Patients with Artificial Lens of Posterior Chamber Abstract： Objective: Catact extraction by small incision has the advantages of small incision,Less affection in the eye and quick recorery of eyesight arter operation.The nursing of the patients having cataract ectraction by small incision before and afteroperation is very important, especially psychological nursing.Result and Conclusion:Befoce operation, the patients should be ensured to have enough sleep, use routine antibiotic eye drops and learn to control cough and sneeze. The nurses should help in every check-up, train the patients to turn eye-ball to every edirection,help the patients to wash conjunctival sac,to have the patient`s mydriasis well done and have ghe patients empty their intestines and bladders.After operation, the nurses should give patients directions in diet and exercises,pay attention to whether there is infection or not and choose proper antibiotics.Post-operation nursing is comparatively sinpler compared with the nursing of patients having ordinay operation of cataract. Key words:Cataract;Cataract extraction by small incision;Nursing 小切口白内障摘除术是治疗白内障的先进手术方式，具有切口小，术后散光少，视力恢复快等优点。我科2002年应用小切口白内障摘除术治疗白内障100例、100眼取得了良好效果。 1资料与方法 1.1临床资料：白内障100例中，男62例、62眼，女38例38眼。右眼66例，左眼34例，29～72岁平均54±8岁。外伤性白内障3眼，并发性白内障10眼，老年性白内障87眼。 1.2手术方法：于角膜缘后3～3.5 mm，做反眉形隧道式切口，于2点位角膜做辅助切口，连续环形撕囊，用巩膜穿刺刀刺开隧道式切口内口，水分离，用双手切核法，挽出晶状体核，冲洗残余皮质，按人工晶体大小扩大隧道内口，植入人工晶体，按切口闭合情况，不缝合或缝合切口1针。 2结果 100例术后裸眼视力分布见表1。 表1100例、100眼术后裸眼视力各期分布（略） 3护理 3.1术前护理 3.1.1心理护理：多数患者对小切口白内障摘除术缺乏了解，对手术表现出担心、恐惧。因此，我们详细地向患者及家属介绍此手术的基本步骤、特点及手术医师情况，使患者对手术有所认识，增强患者对手术成功的信心，解除其思想顾虑，并详细交待术前、术后注