企业集群与虚拟企业组织模式比较及发展研究（The comparison and development of organization model between enterprise cluster and virtual enterprise）.docVIP

企业集群与虚拟企业组织模式比较及发展研究（The comparison and development of organization model between enterprise cluster and virtual enterprise） Virtual enterprise and enterprise cluster is the two state enterprise organization development in the bitmap, are two different kinds of organization mode of agglomeration of the core competitiveness of enterprises, the formation mechanism and operation mechanism have much in common, the formation of competitive advantage has its own originality. This article from the theoretical origin, background, formation mode and operation characteristics and competitive advantage to compare the two types of organizational similarities and differences about the basic rules of enterprise organization evolution from, grasp the basic direction of organizational change under the network environment, to provide reference for further theoretical and empirical research. 1 concept comparison The theory of enterprise cluster originates from the theory of enterprise community (A.Marshall, 1890), whose purpose is the communication and application of skills, information, technology, know-how and new ideas among enterprises within the cluster [1]. Webb (1990) put forward the theory of agglomeration economy [2], and analyzed the reasons of enterprise cluster from the aspects of technology, division of labor, scale economy and the cost of regular expenditure. Potter (1998) re-examine the formation mechanism and value of enterprise clusters from the perspective of organizational change, value chain, economic efficiency and flexibility created by the competitive advantage of [3]. Krugman (Krugman) believes that the increasing benefit of the external scale in the enterprise cluster is the fundamental reason for the industry selection and advantage in each country. Venables (1996) according to the phenomenon of increasing returns to scale in accordance with the localization and urbanization effects of clusters, it is proposed that larger clusters have more competitive advan