Unit 3 Seeking Advice 导学案 5.docVIP

Unit 3 Seeking Advice 导学案 Period five 【使用说明和学法指导】 20分钟独立阅读下面语法规则，并勾划出不懂的地方； 10分钟合作讨论解决疑难； 10分钟点评总结。 定义：为了使语言简洁或者避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个成分，这种语法现象称为省略。 一．简单句中的省略 1．省略主语 1)在日常对话中，省略主语I (I) Beg your pardon. (I ) wonder what you are doing. 2)在祈使句中， 省略主语 you (You) open the door， please. 3)在感叹句中 What a (good) boy (he is)！ How (hard) they are working！ 4)表示讲话人的意见和看法，省略第三人称代词 (It) sounds fine to me. --How is your mother today？ --(She is ) much better. 5)提问 (Is there) anything wrong？ (Have you) found the bike？ 6)保留表语 (I’m ) Sorry. (Are you) In trouble？ 2. 谓语或谓语的一部分 (Is) Anybody here？ ----Who opened the door？ ----Jack (opened the door). 3. 宾语 A:Where has Mr Smith gone？ B:Sorry， I don’t know (where he has gone.) 4. 主语和谓语(或主语和谓语的一部分) (Are you) Hungry？ ---- Will you have coffee or tea？ ----(I’ ll have) coffee ， please. 5. 其他常见的省略现象 1) 名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺，住宅，教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物。 At her mother’s (house) she passed many happy days. I met him at the doctor’s (office). 2)不定式后省略动词， 如果不定式表示的内容在前面出现过，在下文再次出现时可以单纯使用不定式符号to A: Would you like to come to the party？ B: I’d love to (come the party.) –Have you ever been to the seaside？ –-No， we can’t afford to (go to the seaside). 【联想】不定式省略情况如下： 在形容词afraid， glad， pleased， eager， willing等后面。 ------ Will you join us in the game？ ------ I ‘ll be glad to (join you in the game). 在某些动词后面，如afford， expect， intend， forget， refuse， want， wish等。 I asked him to see the film， but he didn’t want to (see the film). He didn’t come， though we had invited him to (come). 在be going to， be able to， have to， ought to， used to 后面 I didn’t want to wait for her， but I had to (wait for her). They don’t visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents). 【注意】如果省略的不定式内容是be或助动词have， to后要保留be或have. ---- Are you a teacher？ ---- No， but I used to be. ----He hasn’t finished yet. ----Well， he ought to have. 二．并列句中的省略 1.后面分句中与前面相同的常被省略 She was poor but (she was) honest. 2.有时并列句中的省略部分出现在前面的分句中，看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。 Mary can (speak English) and (