外派人员组织承诺对知识移转之影响以组织距离与文化距离为调节变项.pdfVIP

經營管理論叢 Vol.7, No.1, 2011第 19- 35頁 外派人員組織承諾對知識移轉之影響 ─以組織距離與文化距離 為調節變項 The Effect of Expatriate Organization Commitment on Knowledge Transfer ： Organization Distance and Culture Distance as Moderators 錢天真1 鍾美君 2 (Received: Nov. 16, 2010 ；First Revision: Jan. 12, 2011 ；Accepted: Mar. 7, 2011 ) 摘要 在全球化的趨勢下，將知識與技術有系統地移轉至海外子公司可增強多國籍企業的 競爭優勢，外派人員在知識移轉的過程中具關鍵性的角色，但過去相關研究的觀點多從 組織層面探討知識移轉的過程，較少從個人層面探討其影響因素，本研究以高科技公司 的外派人員為研究對象，從個人層級觀點，探討外派人員組織承諾對知識移轉之影響， 同時檢驗組織距離和文化距離之調節效果。 本研究問卷調查新竹地區高科技業的外派人員，發放 790份問卷，回收 434份，有 效問卷計 391份，回收率為 54.93% 。資料經逐步迴歸與層級分析後，結果顯示外派人 員的認同性承諾對於外顯知識的移轉具有顯著的正向影響，而外派人員的忠誠性及持續 性承諾則對內隱知識的移轉具有顯著的正向影響。研究發現，組織距離小與文化距離小 皆對外派人員組織承諾和外顯及內隱的知識移轉具有顯著的調節效果。 關鍵詞： 組織承諾、知識移轉、組織距離、文化距離 Abstract In today’s business environment, corporations are coping with the challenges of globalization. To enhance competitive advantages, it is particularly important for multinational corporations to be able to transfer core competences to operational units overseas. The role of expatriates is important to the success of knowledge transfer. Prior reseach in the related area mostly focused on knowledge transfer process at the organizational level. Few studies have explored the factors influencing knowledge transfer at the individual level. This study investigated expatriates of high-tech companies in Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan. The effect of expatriate organization commitment on knowledge transfer was explored at the individual level. The moderating effects of organization distance and culture distance were examined as well. This study surveyed expatriates of companies in high-tech industry. A total of 790 questionnaires were di