7长句的译法-yj.ppt

九、长句的译法 第六章 长句的阅读翻译对策 英语： 简单句 +各种修饰语 ---较长的简单句 +连词 ---简单句---更长的并列句或复合句 汉语： 尽量分成几个简短的句子来说明某个概念，不常使用较长的句子 英语：常使用长句 汉语：常使用多个简单句 翻译长句的原则 将英语长句分成几个汉语短句 再根据逻辑次序，重新安排句子结构： 顺译， 倒译， 分译… 长句、难句四大类型 第一类：复杂修饰成分 句子本不难，但是修饰成分多且长 1、从句（定语、状语、同位语从句等等） 2、介词短语修饰； 3、分词修饰； 4、不定式修饰。既有从句又有介词短语，不止一个。 考查能力：考查大脑容量。 The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceives as essential. devise ?vt.发明，策划，想出 perpetuate ?v. 使永存,使不朽，保存 legacy ?n. 遗产 perceive ?v. 察觉,感觉,认知,理解 The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceives as essential. 一个社会设计出来保存自己的方法是用来保持那个社会认为是最重要的文化遗产的一些方面 。 第二类：大段的插入与或同位语 打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解的困难-----称之为“打岔”。 考查能力：大脑容量+抗干扰能力 例： Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves’ preference, revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy. monogamy ? n. 一夫一妻制 Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves’preference, revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy. 插入语: revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent, 分句中的主语: that slaves’preference 系动词: was Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves’ preference, revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy. 虽然古特曼承认，由于奴隶买卖而造成的被迫离散甚为频繁，但他还是证明，奴隶的偏爱——在那些奴隶买卖并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来——在很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制（monogamy） 第三类：倒装： 由于应该放在句首的成分太长，因此倒装到句末（可能是一种人为现象） 考查能力：大脑的排序能力 需要经过训练后才能按正常语序读。? 其他常见倒装搭配 （1）及物动词加介词：固定词组的固定搭配中，经常出现倒装情况 如：bring A to B，写作：bring to B A （2）及物动词加副词 如： make possible …(单词或者句子)， In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great