重视经典遗传学知识体系构建和学生自学能力培养-生物通.pdfVIP

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2010 年 3 月, 32(3): 1―5 ISSN 0253-9772 遗传学教学 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2010.00000 重视经典遗传学知识体系构建和学生自学能力培养 罗培高 四川农业大学植物遗传和育种省级重点实验室, 雅安 625014 摘要: 遗传学知识的不断更新以及信息量快速增加, 这对遗传学的本科教学是一种挑战。作者认为, 在本科教 学中应加强学生遗传学知识体系的构建, 即“把书读薄”, 同时注重提高学生主动学习的能力, 即“把书读厚”, 以提高学生自学能力和逻辑思维能力, 为培养具有一定竞争力的复合性人才奠定坚实的基础。 关键词: 遗传学; 知识体系; 自学能力; 复合型人才 Constructing the network of classic genetic knowledge and developing self-learning ability of students in genetic classroom LUO Pei-Gao State Key Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China Abstract: With the quick increase of new knowledge in genetics, undergraduate teaching of genetics is becoming a challenge for many teachers. In this paper, the author suggested that it would be important to construct the knowledge net- work of genetics and to develop the self-learning ability of students. This could help students to read textbooks “from the thicker to the thinner in classroom” and “from the thinner to the thicker outside classroom”, so that students would turn to be the talents with new ideas and have more competent ability in biology-related fields. Keywords: genetics; knowledge network; self-learning ability; comprehensive talent 遗传学是研究生物遗传和变异的一门科学, 在 生尽快适应社会需求, 多数院校提倡对本科教学采 生命科学中有着举足轻重的作用。自 1900 年近代遗 用“ 宽口径, 重基础” 的教学方针, 课程门数不断增 传学建立以来, 它经历了突飞猛进的发展。笔者自 多, 也使得遗传学理论教学的学时不断减少。因此, 2004 年以来, 采用教育部推荐的国外优秀遗传学原 在这种情况下, 使得遗传学教学内容不断增多和课 版教材《Essentials of Genetics 》进行双语教学, 构建 程学时不断减少之间的矛盾日趋突出, 这在双语教 以“遗传的染色体理论”为主线的教学体系, 运用“互 学中尤为明显。据此, 笔者提倡课堂教学主要是让 动式” 教学手段调动学生积极性, 通过“ 启发式”和 学生“把书读薄”和培养学生能在课后“把书读厚” 的 “提问式”来增强学