集水区泥砂产量推估之研究.PDF

集水區泥砂產量推估之研究 林昭遠(1) 陳昱豪 (2) 林家榮(3) 摘要 近年來臺灣山坡地飽受天然災害摧毀，尤其以暴雨時期帶來之傷亡損失特別嚴重，災害之 產生源自於暴雨所降下之雨量對於坡面產生沖蝕 ，坡面泥砂流失進入河道中形成挾砂水流甚至 土石流，土砂經由河道向下游吞噬居民生命財產，產生災害甚鉅。然而災害之防治，須從致災 原因探究起，因此河道泥砂產量的探究即為水土保持工作上不可或缺的一環。本研究以濁水溪 流域陳有蘭溪集水區為對象，分析賀伯颱風、921 地震、桃芝颱風、72 水災等事件之泥砂量。 藉由通用土壤流失公式推估土壤流失量。並由各時期 SPOT 衛星影像推估出崩塌地進而推算崩 塌地泥砂產量。將土壤流失量和崩塌泥砂產量配合遞移率觀念估算流入河道泥砂產量，在此次 研究發現崩塌地遞移量遠比 USLE 所算出之泥砂遞移量少，顯示出災害發生之原因乃於短期間 降下大量豪雨將蘊藏於坡面之土砂一次攜出超過下游負荷能力所致。 （關鍵字 : 坡面沖蝕 崩塌地 遞移率） A study of watershed sediment yield estimation Chao-Yuan Lin(1) Professor, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung Hsing University Yu-hau Chen(2), Chia-rung Lin(3) Graduate Student, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung Hsing University ABSTRACT Due to steep topography, vulnerable geology, and improper landuse, debris flow occurs frequently at the mountain areas where people suffers from the disaster of debris flow during the typhoon seasons. Casualty and property losses during the torrential rain period are very high. The main hazard reason is the severe erosion caused by the intensive rain fall, the sediment from the slopeland slide into the channel may deteriorate the flood event and even cause debris flow. However, the mitigation methods need be based on the mechanics of the hazard. The sediment yield estimation （1）國立中興大學水土保持學系教授 （2 ）國立中興大學水土保持學系碩士班學生 （3 ）國立中興大學水土保持學系博士班學生 207 水土保持學報 38(2) ：207-218 (2006) Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 38(2) ：207-218 (2006) becomes an important task for the soil and water conservation works.The study area is