汉疑问句比较.docVIP

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  • 2017-11-21 发布于江西
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英汉疑问句比较 杨翠梅 摘要:英语和汉语疑问句虽然划分的标准不同,种类也不同,但有的却有着很齐整的对应关系。对于学习者来说汉语和英语两种语言的差异问题是影响他们学好疑问句的一个重要原因,本文在借鉴前人研究的基础上,结合两种语言的特点通过语序、疑问词、句调等几个方面的探讨择其茕茕要者对英汉疑问句作了一个简单的比较,指出两种疑问句所存在的差异和相同之处及形成原因,希望借此机会来给学习者一个参考,帮助他们学好疑问句,并供学仁们斧正。 关键词:英汉疑问句;语序;疑问词;比较 English to Chinese question sentence comparison Yang cui mei Abstract: English and Chinese interrogative sentence although divide standard different, the type is also different, but some has actually the very neat corresponding relations. Chinese and English two languages difference question as for the learner is affects them to learn the interrogative sentence an important reason, this article in profits from in the foundation which the predecessor studies, unified two languages the characteristics through the word order, the interrogative, the sentence accent and so on several aspects discussions selects it alone wanting to make a simple comparison to the English to Chinese interrogative sentence, pointed out two kind of interrogative sentences existed the difference and same place and formed the reason, hoped here gave the learner a reference, helped them to learn the interrogative sentence, and made corrections for study the kernels. Key word: English to Chinese interrogative sentence; Word order; Doubt word; Compare 前 言 疑问句是日常生活必不可少的一种交流句式之一,但因文化背景与语言的民族习惯等的不同,汉语疑问句和英语疑问句在表达的语言形式上即有相同之处,又存在着很多差异,这种差异给学生的学习带来很多干扰,本文不是对英汉疑问句作了一个全面具体的比较,而是结合两种疑问句谈一点自己的看法。 一 关于英汉疑问句语序的差异 汉语疑问句根据表示疑问形式的特点和语义情况,可以分为四类:是非问句、特指问句、选择问句和正反问句①。英语疑问句有四种:一般疑问句(GENERAL QUESTONN)、特殊疑问句(SPECIAL QUESTION)、选择疑问句(ALTERNATIVE QUESTION)、附加疑问句(TAG QUESTION)②,而在下面的附加疑问句中我们将主要说的是反意疑问句。 (一)汉语是非问句和英语一般疑问句 汉语疑问句的是非问句与英语疑问句的一般疑问句相当,二者一般是对整个命题的疑问,回答只能是对整个命题做肯定或否定的回答,但二者的语序不同。汉语是非问句的语序与陈述句相同,而英语一般疑问句需把系动词、助动词和情态动词放在主语之前,也就是说主语和谓语动词要互换位置。例如: ⑴Are we going to stay here? 我们要一直呆在这儿吗? ⑵ May I go with you? 我可以和你一起走吗? ⑶ Do you like to play tennis? 你喜欢打网球吗? ⑷ Have you finished your paper? 你完成你的作文了吗? 从上面的四个例子中我们就可以看出无论是哪一个英语疑问句都是将作用词置于

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