大学英美概况美国宗教.ppt

Unit 6 Religion In the United Stated Religious Liberty Protestants in the United Stated Catholics Three Faiths Religious Diversity Many protestants and deists could agree ● “all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights” ● “the laws of nature and nature’s God” entitled them to a new nation Methodists ●Next to the Baptists. the most numerous protestants are the Methodists, adherents of the group which grew up in 18 century England following the lead of John Wesley ●Most Methodists are united in the Methodist church ,which has a form of service based on that of the church of England. American pastors are as varied as the flocks they serve ●The Protestant Episcopal Church now Ordains women as priests . ●The United Methodist Church has appointed women as bishops. ●Catholic nuns teach and manage large hospitals. ● ● ● ● ● ● ● The Great Awakening ● The Great Awakening of the 1740s, a “revival” movement which sought to breathe new feelings and strength into religion cut across of the lines of protestant religious groups ,or denominations. ●John . Locke reasoned that the right to govern comes from an agreement or “social contract ”voluntarily entered into by free people ● A few Americans were so influenced by the science and new ideas of the Enlightenment in Europe that they became deist believing that reason teaches that God exists but leaves man free to settle his own affairs Among the rights that the new nation , as a political necessity in a religiously diverse society was freedom of religion The first Amendment to the constitution of the United States forbade the new federal government to give special favors to any religion or to hinder the free practice ,or exercise of religion The United States would have no state-supported religion The government supports all religion Religious Liberty ● ● ● ● ● American courts have become more sensitive in recent year to the rights of