风险管理与保险课件第2章.pptVIP

第一部分 风险管理和保险基础 第1章 风险 第2章 风险管理 第3章 保险 第4章 影响保险合同的基本因素 第5章 保险合同的内容及其分析 第二章 风险管理 §2.1 什么是风险管理？What is Risk Management? The decision-making process by which an organization or individual reduces the negative consequences of risk. 一个组织或个人用于降低风险负面影响的决策过程。 风险管理的目标是降低与风险有关的成本 损失控制成本loss control costs. 机会损失成本lost opportunity. 心理成本psychological costs. 损失融资成本financing of losses. 实际损失成本actual losses. 风险经理 Small firm→the owner Larger organization→ a staff position. Risk manager reports directly to the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer.  §2.2 风险管理的过程 风险管理的过程（The Risk Management Process）与一般的决策过程类似。 1、Set Objectives 建立目标 The primary objectives will focus on the tradeoff between risk and return. 选择最经济、最有效的方法使风险成本最小。 可分为损失前的管理目标和损失后的管理目标。 2、Identify Problems 识别风险 风险管理者必须寻找出公司所面临的各种风险，特别是一些容易为人们所忽视的风险。 3、Evaluate Problems估算风险 衡量潜在损失的规模和发生的可能性，把风险分为Unbearable risks，Difficult to bear risks，Relatively unimportant exposures to loss。 Unbearable risks(致命风险)are those so large that an organization’s finances would be disrupted enough to cause bankruptcy. Difficult to bear risks(严重风险)would seriously impair the organization’s ability to operate, but not lead to bankruptcy. Relatively unimportant exposures to loss(一般风险)would not materially affect the organization’s activities. 4、Choose Alternatives选择方案 从理论上来说，风险事件发生的频率和损失程度有以下四种组合： (1)发生的频率高，损失程度大； (2)发生的频率高，损失程度小； (3)发生的频率低，损失程度小； (4)发生的频率低，损失程度大，这正是保险所涉及的情形。 5、Implement Alternatives, Monitor System实施方案，检查方案 因为情况总在不断地发生变化，并且任何人都有可能犯错误。  §2.3 风险管理与保险的关系 从客观对象来看： 从方法论来看： 从所管理的风险范围来看： Discussion Questions 1、Some firms provide annual medical screening tests, weight control programs, exercise facilities, and other health-related programs for employees. Do you think this is just another form of compensation, or may there be other reasons for such programs? 2、It has been said that, “the most important thing in the world is to know what is most important now.” What d