浅析主断路器的灭弧原理及其方式.docxVIP

毕业设计（论文）浅析主断路器灭弧的原理及其方式侯庆丰黑龙江交通职业技术学院2015年12月毕业设计（论文）浅析主断路器灭弧的原理及其方式姓名：侯庆丰指导教师：谭啸专业：铁道机车车辆（电力机车）专业学院：机车车辆学院答 辩 日 期：2015年12月单位：黑龙江交通职业技术学院摘 要电力机车是指由电动机驱动车轮的机车。电力机车因为所需电能由电气化铁路供电系统的接触网或第三轨供给运行中的电力机车，所以是一种非自带能源的机车。电力机车被广泛应用于铁路运输、城市地铁以及轻轨运输上，用它作为运输系统的动力装置，因此它是运输系统的核心。而主断路器是主电路中重要部分之一。它是电力机车电源的总开关和机车的总保护电器。主断路器是接在受电弓与主变压器原边绕组之间，安装在机车车顶中部，当主断路器闭合时，机车通过受电弓从接触网导线上获得电源，投人工作。若机车主电路和辅助电路发生短路、过载、接地等故障时，故障信号通过相关控制电路使主断路器自动开断，切断机车总电源，防止故障范围扩大。当电力机车断开主断路器时会产生电弧，电弧产生的高温将使断路器的触头表面熔化和蒸化，烧坏绝缘材料。对机车会产生很大危害，所以主断路器需要安装灭弧装置，来减少电弧对电力机车的危害。 用于电力机车的的主断路器及其灭弧方式分为真空主断路与空气主断路器两种。从当初单一的空气主断路器到现在两种类型的主断路器，经历了两个不同的发展时期。 本论文针对目前国内主要使用的两种主断路器进行分析，根据目前的使用情况来探讨主断路器是如何进行灭弧的，和主断路器灭弧的原理、方式进行分析。关键词：电弧；灭弧；空气主断路器；真空主断路器AbstractElectric locomotive is a locomotive wheel driven by a motor. Electric locomotive because the electric energy required by electrified contact net or the third rail supply operation of the power supply system of railway electric locomotive, so is a non energy comes with the locomotive. Electric locomotive is widely used in railway transportation, urban subway and light rail transit on and use it as a transportation system of the power plant, so it is the core of the transportation system.And main circuit breaker is in the main circuit of one of the most important part. It is the electric locomotive power switch and locomotive total protection of electrical. Main circuit breaker is connected between the subject of pantograph and transformer primary winding, installation in the middle of the roof of the locomotive. When the main circuit breaker closure, locomotive by the pantograph catenary wire from access to power, investment work. If a short circuit occurs locomotive main circuit and auxiliary circuit, overload, grounding fault, fault signal through the control circuit to enable main circuit breaker automatically disconnects, cut off the total power of the locomotive, so as to prevent the expansion of the scope of the fault.Arc will occur when the electric locomotive disconnect