北京白云观各殿堂中英简介.doc

北京白云观简介 北京白云观是道教全真派三大祖庭之一，素有“天下道教第一丛林”之誉，始建于唐玄宗开元二十九年（741），初名天长观，供奉太上老君,宋代改名太极宫。元初（1224－1227），邱长春真人应元太祖成吉思汗之诏掌管天下道教并赐居此观，易名长春宫。邱长春真人羽化后其弟子于长春宫之东侧建处顺堂藏其遗蜕。明初，长春宫毁于战火，唯处顺堂独存，朝廷曾几次颁旨重修，其修建工程以处顺堂为中心向四周扩展，更名为“白云观”。明英宗正统八年（1443），英宗皇帝再次颁旨修缮并赐“敕建白云观”匾额。 自明清以来，北京就盛行在春节期间人们前来白云观参加庙会、拜本命神、摸石猴、打金钱眼等民俗活动。现今白云观的占地面积约六万平方米，建筑面积约一万平方米，共有十九座殿堂，分中、东、西三路及后院。其规模宏大、布局紧凑，为全国重点文物保护单位。中国道教协会、中国道教文化研究所、中国道教学院及《中国道教》杂志编辑部均设于此。 A Brief Introduction of Beijing Bai Yun Guan (White Cloud Temple) Beijing Bai Yun Guan is honored as the chief temple of the Three Ancestral Temples of the Quan Zhen(Complete Reality) Taoist tradition. It was originally called Tian Chang Guan (Heavenly Eternal Temple) and built in the twenty-ninth year of Kaiyuan (741A.D.) under the regime of Emperor Xuanzong in the Tang Dynasty in which Tai Shang Lao Jun is enshrined who was incarnated as the philosopher Laozi. It was renamed Tai Ji Gong in the Song Dynasty. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the Master Qiu Chang Chun was summoned by the emperor Genghis Khan to preside over all the Taoists in China and to live at this Temple so it was renamed Chang Chun Gong. After Qiu Chang Chun ascended to heaven as an immortal, his disciples built a deity hall (named Chu Shun Tang) to conceal his physical body, and enshrine him beside Chang Chun Gong in the east. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the Temple was ruined by battles and nothing remained except the Chu Shun Tang, so the imperial government issued orders to rebuild the temple several times and renamed it Bai Yun Guan. The rebuilding expanded around the center of Chu Shun Tang. In the eighth Zhengtong Year (1443) under the regime of Emperor Ying Zong in the Ming Dynasty, the Emperor ordered to renovate and rebuild it again and conferred an iron placard inscribed with the words “Chi Jian Bai Yun Guan”, which meant the White Cloud Temple was built by imperial order. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, every Spring Festival, most local people come here to enjoy the