女性尿道综合征课件.pptVIP

Female Urethral SyndromeFUS yangfei DEFINITION In 1945, the distinguished American physician Richard Cabot was quoted as having stated that “any pain within two feet of the female urethra for which one cannot find an adequate explanation should be suspected of coming from the female urethra” ( Charlton, 1986 ). “在女性尿道周围二英尺范围内的任何无法解释的疼痛都应考虑到是否来自于尿道的可能”。 The term urethral syndrome was first mentioned in a clinicopathologic study of the female urethra in 1949 . It appeared in the British literature in 1965 when a group of New Zealand physicians used it to describe the 50% of their female patients with urinary symptoms without demonstrable infection. Clinical Manifestation FUS is a very nonspecific constellation of symptoms including urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and suprapubic discomfort without any objective findings of urologic abnormality to account for the symptoms.(尿道综合症临床表现为包括尿频、尿急、排尿障碍以及耻骨上区不适等一系列的症候群，且缺乏相关病理证据) Although the symptoms are typically thought to occur in women, there is no reason to assume that a similar entity does not occur in men(其常见于女性患者，但也不能排除在男性患者中的存在) Classification The urethral syndrome has been subdivided into an acute and a chronic condition. chronic urethral syndrome Those patients with chronic symptoms and with no apparent cause constitute the chronic urethral syndrome category. This phantom diagnosis is one of exclusion and is rarely used in modern urologic texts. The symptomatic manifestations of IC and the chronic urethral syndrome are indistinguishable. diagnosis 尿道综合症的诊断主要依靠排除诊断。 要诊断尿道综合症前必须排除间质性膀胱炎的存在。 尿常规、中段尿细菌培养、细胞学检查以及在麻醉下膀胱镜检查的结果常常表现为阴性。夜尿可表现异常。 The concept of the urethral syndrome, chronic or acute, is now essentially a historical one and no longer alluded to in the modern medical literature。 Causes of Frequency and Urgency 尿路感染??????????????上运动神经元的损害??????????? 大量摄水 妊娠??????????????????????? 膀胱结石?????????????????? ???尿道肉阜 放射性膀胱炎?????????? 大量剩余尿??????????????????? 生殖器疣 糖尿病?????????????????????