改良蒜抗紫斑病变异株系的离体筛选.pdfVIP

园 艺 学 报 2014 ，41 （1）：99 –106 http: // www. ahs. ac. cn Acta Horticulturae Sinica E-mail: yuanyixuebao@126.com ‘改良蒜’抗紫斑病变异株系的离体筛选 * 李晓敏，程智慧 ，孟焕文 （西北农林科技大学园艺学院，陕西杨凌 712100 ） 摘 要：以‘改良蒜’品种带蒜瓣基部的茎盘为外植体，在含有不同浓度大蒜紫斑病菌粗毒素的MS 培养基上采取分步筛选法筛选大蒜抗病变异系，并诱导形成小鳞茎；对小鳞茎繁殖的幼苗叶面喷施病菌 粗毒素进行抗病性鉴定。结果表明，大蒜紫斑病菌粗毒素对‘改良蒜’愈伤组织的诱导有显著抑制作用， 粗毒素浓度越高，抑制作用越强，抗病愈伤组织诱导的适宜病菌粗毒素浓度为 30% ；在粗毒素浓度 10%、 20%和 30%的培养基上依次分步培养筛选获得了抗紫斑病变异系。粗毒素接种抗性鉴定表明，抗性系幼苗 的抗病性比对照增强。 关键词：大蒜；紫斑病；病菌粗毒素；离体筛选；抗病变异系 中图分类号：S 633.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0513-353X （2014 ）01-0099-08 In vitro Selection of Resistant Somaclonal Variation of ‘Gailiang ’Garlic to Violet Leaf Spot * LI Xiao-min ，CHENG Zhi-hui ，and MENG Huan-wen （College of Horticulture，Northwest AF University ，Yangling，Shaanxi 712100，China ） Abstract ：Using the clove base of ‘Gailiang ’garlic as explants the disease resistant garlic somaclonal variation was screened on MS media containing different levels of the violet leaf spot pathogen culture crude toxin by means of multi-step in vitro selection method. The bulblets of the resistant line were then induced with the screened disease resistant variations and their disease resistance was tested on seedlings growing from the bulblets by foliage spraying of the pathogen culture crude toxin. The results showed that the pathogen crude toxin inhibited garlic callus induction evidently and the inhibition became stronger with the increase of pathogen crude toxin concentration. The suitable concentration of pathogen crude toxin is 30% for disease resistant somaclonal variation selection. The somaclonal variations were selected by step culture on the MS media with different levels （10%，20% ，