2018届高三英语二轮复习专题一语法填空和短文改错第一讲语法填空练习.doc

第一讲　语法填空 [全国卷3年考情分析] 注：2017、2016年全国高考共3套试题，有的按甲、乙、丙卷分类，有的按Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ卷分类，其对应关系为Ⅰ卷—乙卷、Ⅱ卷—甲卷、Ⅲ卷—丙卷，本书按Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ卷分类，以下各题型同。 [命题者说] 语法填空是高考英语试题的一项创新它将语法知识的考查融于一篇英语短文中通过设置纯空格题和给词填空两种形式表现出来突出考查学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力更客观、准确地考量学生的语法知识水平。此题虽然只有15分占英语全卷分数的十分之一但也是英语考卷的重要组成部分不可小觑 近3年全国卷八套试题的语法填空部分充分体现了“实词考查为主虚词考查为辅”的命题原则。命题形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种。 有提示词 有提示词的语法填空考查了动词的时态、语态、主谓一致；非谓语动词；形容词的比较等级；名词的数；代词的格以及词类转换。 (1)动词的考查是语法填空的重点包括谓语动词和非谓语动词。近3年的八套试题对动词的考查比较稳定基本是每套3－5题涉及的范围比较广几乎涵盖了除虚拟语气之外所有动词的用法。预计将来对动词的考查将一如既往地稳定虚拟语气也应引起大家的注意。 (2)名词、代词的考查每年都会涉及。名词主要考查单复数的变化代词主要考查人称代词主格、宾格和形容词性物主代词的变化。在此提醒大家关注一下反身代词的考查。 (3)形容词、副词的比较等级偶有考查近3年的八套试题中出现了两次都是考查的比较级。但最高级也应成为大 (4)词类转换的考查相对稳定平均每套题两个左右形容词变副词是考查的重点另外动词变为名词名词与形容词的互变等都应在备考中多注意。 无提示词 无提示词的语法填空考查了冠词、介词、代词、并列连词、从句引导词、助动词以及语境填词。 (1)冠词、介词主要考查基本用法及固定搭配；并列连词主要看前后的逻辑关系；助动词主要是疑问句或否定句；语境填词包括按固定搭配或逻辑关系选择合适的词。 (2)从句引导词指的是三大从句的引导词包括定语从句的 (3)另外结构与强调句型也应在备考中多关注。 (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, (医学界) ____________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62.____________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63.____________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64.____________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65.____________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66.____________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67.____________ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68.____________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However, ____________ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is po