八、动词(第四节 情态动词的概念和用法).ppt.pptxVIP

第四节 情态动词的概念和用法 导练互动Ⅰ.情态动词的基本概念情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，具有一定的感情色彩。 情态动词具有以下特点：(1)有一定词义；(2)不受主语人称和数的变化影响；(3)后跟动词原形一起构成谓语(ought to除外)，不能单独充当谓语。 Ⅱ.情态动词的基本用法 1．can (could)(1)表示能力，could主要指过去时间。如：Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ (2)表示可能(理论上或逻辑判断上)。如：He cant (couldnt) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买辆新车。 You mustnt smoke while youre walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。 (3)表示允许。如：Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ He asked me whether he could take the book out of the reading room. 他问我是否他可以把书带出阅览室。 (4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。如：He cant (couldnt) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心？ (5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。如：Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ Im afraid we couldnt give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2．may (might) (1)表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。如：You may take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please dont./ Youd better not. / No, you mustnt.等，以免显得太严肃或不客气。 (2)表可能(事实上)。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。如：He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 即学即用1：(1)—May I try on the jeans? —Yes, you ________. A. should　B. can C. must D. need(2)—May I go surfing alone this afternoon, Dad? —No, you ________.It’s dangerous. A. may not　B. can’t C. needn’t D. don’tB B (3)He ________ speak a little French when he was five. A. can B. could C. may D. must (4)Our teacher ________ be in the office, I saw her leave just now. A. can B. must C. can’t D. mustn’tB C (5)—______ you please not speak loudly in the library? —Sorry, I won’t. A. Can　B. Could C. May　D. Must(6)—Dad,________I play badminton with Bobby now? —Yes, you can. But you have to come back before supper. A. must　B. may C. need　D. shouldB B (7)______ I take the magazine out? I’m sorry. you ______ read it here. A. Could ...cou