Species Distribution Modeling英文文献.pdfVIP

Geography Compass 4/6 (2010): 490–509, 10.1111/j.1749-8198.2010.00351.x Species Distribution Modeling Jennifer Miller* Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin Abstract The use of species distribution models (SDM) to map and monitor animal and plant distributions has become increasingly important in the context of awareness of environmental change and its ecological consequences. From their original inception as resource inventory and conservation mapping tools, SDM have evolved along with the increasing variety and availability of statistical methods, digital biological, and environmental data with which they are built in a geographic information system. Beyond predicting species distributions, these models have become an impor- tant and widely used decision-making tool for a variety of biogeographical applications, such as studying the effects of climate change, identifying potential protected areas, determining locations potentially susceptible to invasion, and mapping vector-borne disease spread and risk. This article outlines the steps involved in formulating an SDM and focuses on the conceptual and theoretical foundations on which it is based and identifies issues that have merited recent and will merit future research attention. Introduction An understanding of how and why biological organisms are distributed in space is a cen- tral tenet of biogeographical research. Species distribution models (SDM) quantify the correlation between environmental factors and the distribution of plant, and accordingly animal, species. This empirically derived ‘environmental profile’ can be used to describe and measure the importance of specific factors and to predict species’ distribution across unsample