自主招生英语考试.ppt

校训翻译 北大（1898）爱国、进步、民主、科学 Patriotism, advancement, democracy and science 清华大学（1911）自强不息、厚德载物 Self-discipline and social commitment 复旦大学（1905）博学而笃志，切问而思近 Rich in knowledge and tenacious purpose; inquiring with earnestness and reflecting with self-practice 上海交通大学（1896）饮水思源、爱国荣校 While drinking water, remember its source; be an honorable student and devoted to the country 浙江大学（1897）求是创新 Seek the truth and be innovative 几点英汉互译技巧 译文必须规范标准 译文必须通俗易懂，英译汉时，要符合英语的现代语言习惯；汉译英时，要符合汉语的现代语言习惯。 “You just keep your hair on and listen to me.” 译文： “你必须保持头发在上，并听我说。” “汝勿怒，听吾曰。” “你别激动，好好听我说。” “我工作忙。” “My work is busy.” “I am busy with my work.” 1. 理解 ⑴ 理解语言现象、 逻辑关系 分三步走： ① 通读全文，领略大意。 ②明辨语法，弄清关系。 ③联系上下，推敲词义。 The people in the liberated region are aggressive. Tom is now with his wife in Chicago. It is already 5 years since he was in New York City. （2）理解原作所涉及的事物 某些特有事物、典故、专门术语和历史背景等，往往有它的特殊含义。 From time to time, we have to do rather tricky jobs and feel that one of our fingers is getting in the way. We say that we are all thumbs. Where is John? “厕所在哪里？” 词义确定法 选用适当的词汇, 引申词义 （The skills of choosing the proper meaning of a word） Things like air, water or metals are matter. It is the atoms that make up iron, water, oxygen and the like. We should like to know all the details. a broken man a broken soldier a broken cup a broken road broken English 他们的斗争很得人心。 Their struggle have the great support of the people. 斗争中，我们应避免冤枉好人。 In the struggle, we should avoid wronging a innocent person. 好汉做事好汉当。 A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions. 词量改变法 词量增加（The methods of increasing the words number） ⑴英语中的某些抽象名词、不及物动词或代词，若单独译出，有时意思不够明确，可分别在其后增加“状态”、“工作”、“过程”、“现象”、“方式”、“情况”、“作用”、“部分”、“化”等词。 Oxidation will make iron and steel rusty. 氧化作用会使钢铁生锈。 Our economic growth suddenly slowed down. 我国经济增速陡然下滑。 We will do a good job in population and family planning. 做好人口和计划生育工作。 I will improve my English. 英语水平 ⑵英语中的名词为复数形式时，根据情况可增加适当的表示复数概念的词。如：“