精液操作和人工授精幻灯片.ppt

AI Semen Handling精液操作和人工授精;Additional costs incurred when cows remain open for more than 100 days.母牛空怀超过100天所造成的额外损失;Signs of Heat 发情征候;Standing Heat 站立发情;Heat Detection 发情鉴定 观察次数 发情检出率;Rules for Good Heat DetectionTie Stall Barns良好的发情检查制度 / 栓系式牛棚;Rules for Good Heat DetectionFree Stall Barns良好的发情检查制度 / 自由散放式牛棚; ;Factors Affecting Fertility Variation影响繁殖力变化的因素;Major Management Environment Factors主要管理和环境因素;Semen Storage 精液贮存;Tank Management液氮罐管理;Semen Tank 精液罐;Semen tank should easily last for 10 years or more. Most older tanks are much less efficient at holding nitrogen than today’s newer models. Eventually, all tanks lose their vacuum and are rendered useless. This may occur gradually over time or can occur quite suddenly overnight. If you have an old tank (10 years) consider upgrading to a newer, more efficient model. 精液罐较易使用10年以上。多数使用多年的老罐，其保持液氮的效率要比今天的新型罐差得多。最终所有的罐都会失去真空而报废。这可能经过一段时间逐渐失效，也可能一夜之间突然发生。如果你使用的是老罐（10年），考虑更新到效率更高的型号。;Temperature of Liquid Nitrogen 液氮温度 -196 C Temperature of Nitrogen Vapor 液氮蒸汽温度 -176 C Critical Temperature for Frozen Semen 冷冻精液危险临界温度 - 90 C;SEMEN HANDLING 精液的操作;SEMEN HANDLING 精液的操作;Handle semen in good lighting conditions 操作精液时要有良好的照明条件 Keep canisters as low as possible in the neck tube while removing straws for thawing 取出细管解冻时，把提斗保持在罐颈尽可能低的地方。 If you can’t complete the straw selection in 5 seconds, return the semen to the liquid nitrogen for 30 seconds before trying again 如果在5秒钟之内没有完成选定并取出细管，把精液放回液氮，30秒后再选。;SEMEN HANDLING 精液的操作;Semen Thawing 精液解冻;Warm the gun before loading if cold weather 天气冷时，安装细管前预热输精枪 Cut the straw straight so seals with sheath 垂直剪断???管，这样才能用外鞘密封。 Protect gun from heat if weather is hot 如果天气热，保护好输精枪不要受热。;;Protect straw from sunlight, heat and cold 保护好细管免受阳光、高热和寒冷的影响;Right Cow 母牛正确;Clean Uterus 干净的子宫;Heat Detection 发情鉴定;Behavorial Changes 行为的变化;其他较少利用的发情行为类型;Physical changes 生理变化