在职硕士GCT考试上海交通大学英语讲义4—语法2.ppt

工程硕士考前辅导（语法 3） 时态 （ 一般现在时） 习惯动作，一般状态，客观规律，永恒真理。 在以as soon as, when, after等引导的时间状语从句中 以if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时 表将来的事情。 I’ll ring you as soon as he comes back. You’ll succeed if you try your best. Even if it _____ this afternoon, I’ll go there. A) Has rained B) will rain C) Rains D) will have rained 现在进行时 并不是所有动词都有进行时。 部分表状态和感觉的动词无进行时 (除非其词义发生变化） 这类动词有：be, love, like, hate, believe, think, feel, seem 等 Compare: Do you see any one over there? Are you seeing someone off? 现在进行时的其它用法 表将来的动作（计划、安排、将开始进行） I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 给习惯动作加上赞赏或讨厌等感情色彩： He is always finding fault with his employees. The naughty boy is constantly making trouble. Cindy is always cooking delicious food for her husband. 现在完成时 明显标示：句中出现表示到现在为止这段时间 的状语，用完成时， 此类状语有：up to/till now, so far, these days, For 后接表一段时间的短语: The conference has lasted for five days. Since 后接某个具体时间: We haven’t seen each other since we graduated in 1982. 过去时态种种 一般过去时： 不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去。 He smoked forty cigarettes a day until he gave up. 倒底用一般过去时还是用完成时主要取决于动作是否对现在有影响 Cf: What did she say about it? I have lived in Beijing for 15 years. 过去完成时 （过去的过去） 句中有明显的参照动作，或有表达“到过去某时为止”的时间状语。 They found that a stream had formed in the field. By the end of war, the small shop had become a large one. 将来时态种种 一般将来时 Be going to, be to, be about to 表将来的动作，但含打算，计划，安排。 Will 表说话人认为、相信、希望或假定要发生的动作。 将来进行时: I’ll be having an English class this time tomorrow. 将来时态种种 将来完成时 They will have stayed here for five months next week. 现在完成进行时: I have been thinking it over. 我一直在考虑此事。 Cf: I have thought it over 我已考虑过 试一试 1.They fulfilled the plan earlier than they _____. A) have expected B) expected C) were expecting D) had expected 2. “ Will she finish the work soon?” “Yes, she ____ it by next Friday.” A) shall finish B) finish C) have finished D) will have finished