论文：效率改善、技术进步与城市旅游经济增长.docVIP

论文：效率改善、技术进步与城市旅游经济增长 论文：效率改善、技术进步与城市旅游经济增长——1995－2004年我国主要旅游城市的实证研究摘要：在回顾国外文献的基础上，本文通过数据包络模型（DEA）和随机前沿模型（SFA）分析了1995年～2004年效率改善和技术进步对我国主要旅游城市旅游发展的影响，测算了主要旅游城市的旅游生产效率。两个模型的实证研究都发现了我国城市旅游生产力进步的主要因素是技术进步，而生产效率改善的影响很小。随着我国城市旅游要素投入的不断增加，旅游经济增长模式已经逐渐从劳动力推动型向资本推动型转变。城市间旅游生产技术溢出不明显，我国城市旅游经济增长呈现非中性技术进步的特征，东部城市的旅游生产效率明显比中西部城市要高。最后，基于模型发现的问题，本文提出了一些相关的政策建议。关键字：旅游城市；数据包络模型；随机前沿模型；效率改善；技术进步Efficiency?Improvement,?Technological?Progress?and?City?Tourism?Growth:An?Empirical?Study?of?Tourism?Growth?ofChina?Major?Tourism?Cities?(1995-2004)Abstract:?Based?on?literature?review?of?foreign?recent?progress,?the?paper?uses?Data?Envelopment?Analysis?(DEA)?and?Stochastic?Frontier?Analysis?(SFA)?to?analysis?the?influence?of?efficiency?improvement?and?technological?progress?on?tourism?growth?of?China?major?tourism?cities?during?1995?to?2004.?Through?the?empirical?study,?it?is?found?that?technical?change?played?an?important?role?in?tourism?growth,?while?efficiency?changed?little.?Labor?became?more?and?more?important?than?capital?as?the?tourism?growth?determinants.?Technology?spillover?effect?is?not?obvious?in?tourism?growth?and?non-neutral?technological?progress?is?another?main?character?of?China?city?tourism?growth.?At?the?end?of?the?paper,?some?suggestions?are?given.Keywords:?tourism?cities;?Data?Envelopment?Analysis;?Stochastic?Frontier?Analysis;?efficiency?improvement;?technological?change.一?引言随着我国旅游业的不断发展，城市旅游经Hospitality?Management,?1994,13(4):297-311.]]建议用比例指标来研究住宿业的生产效能。?Wijeysinghe(1993)?[[[].?Wijeysinghe,?B.?S.?Breakeven?occupancy?for?a?hotel?operation?[J].?Management?Accounting,?1993,?71(2):32-33.]]提出“盈亏平衡分析”(break-even?analysis)来研究旅游管理的效率。Brotherton和Mooney?(1992)，Donaghy,?McMahon和McDowell?(1995)[[[].?Donaghy,?K.,?McMahon,?U.,?McDowell,?D.?Yield?management:?An?overview?[J].?International?Journal?of?Hospitality?Management,?1995,?14(2):139-150.]]建议在旅游管理中使用“收益管理”(yield?management)来分析效率。Wassenaar和Stafford(1991)[[[].?Wassenaar,?D.J.,?Stafford,E.R.?The?lodging?index:?A