UnderstandingandPlanningReportsandProposals文件材料.ppt

Prentice Hall, 2008 Challenges of Analytical Reports Persuasion Responsibility Analysis Prentice Hall, 2008 Focus on Conclusions Advantages Disadvantages Easy to Use Bottom-Line Driven Possible Resistance Oversimplification Prentice Hall, 2008 Focus on Recommendations Establish the need for action Introduce the overall benefits List the required steps Explain each step more fully Summarize the recommendations Prentice Hall, 2008 Focus on Logical Arguments Hostile Readers Skeptical Readers Indirect Approach Rational Approach 2 + 2 = 4 Approach Yardstick Approach Prentice Hall, 2008 Internal Requests External Requests Planning Proposals General Projects Project Funding Management Support Sales Proposals Investment Proposals Grant Proposals Prentice Hall, 2008 Structuring Proposals Solicited Unsolicited Expected Direct Approach Unexpected Indirect Approach Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, you will be able to: Adapt the three-step writing process to reports and proposals. Distinguish among informational reports, analytical reports, and proposals. Identify three steps you can take to ensure effective organizational communication of online reports and other website content. Describe an effective process for conducting business research. Define primary and secondary research and explain when you use each method. List nine criteria for evaluating the credibility of an information source. Discuss three major ways to organize analytical reports. In previous chapters, you learned to use the three-step writing process when developing shorter business messages; now it’s time to apply those skills to longer messages. Reports fall into three basic categories: Informational reports offer data, facts, feedback, and other types of information without analysis or recommendations. Analytical reports offer both information and analysis, and may include recommendations. Proposals offer structured persuasion for internal or external audiences. Try to view every business