科技英语阅读第一单元.pptVIP

Lecturer: C H Y MEMBERS:Wang Ruicong ,Lu Jiongxi,Xu Qiang, Yang Xing,Luo Ruli From: College of Science 1.What is paradox? 2.Recall: Do you want to know why can not use ∈or ? between collection and set? A village only one baber ,and the villagers all need a haircat,the baber regulation ,and only in the village the barber shave only those men who do not shave themselves? First, the chicken or the egg come first? It also implied a incompatible hypothesis:chicken is hatch by the eggs,eggs are borned by chicken Individually,meet daily observation,but together it is not a pair of self-consistant hypothesis. * some simple questions: Question:Should the barber give himself a haircut? A.he should B.he should not Explanation: If the baber give himself a haircut,he is against his agreement. If the barber dont give a haircut to himself, so according to provisions of this ,and he should give himself a haircut so,the barber drops into a dilemma. (2)Someone said: What i am saying now is a lie What do you think that what he said is lying or the truth? Though the previous questions,we can give a definition to paradox: Definition:A recognized real proposition for the promise, set as B,after the logical reasoning,get a conclusion against B which is the contradiction proposition of the premise. B→!B contrary to the against B for the premise may also push toB. !B→B So proposition B is a paradox,of course the against B is a paradox. 设性质P（B）表示B∈B，现假设由性质P确定了一个类A—即A:{XΙB ?B}。 问题是A∈A,还是A?A。 if A∈A:则A是A 的元素，A具有性质P，由P=A?A if A?A,A 具有性质P，而A是具有性质P的类=A∈A Do you think the set theory found by contor was wrong? No,its imperfection. 1908,Zermelo put forward to a new system called 2F. 正则定理 （基础公理） 正则公理：也叫基础公理。所有集都是良基集。说明一个集合的元素都具有最小性质 “对任意非空集合x，x至少有一元素y使x∩y为空集。” Example:A={0,3,5}.X=0=Φ=?A∩X=Φ 解释： 0=Φ，1={Φ}， 2=？ 3=？ x+1=x ? {x}.若x∩y=y 则必有y∈y *