ConsumersProducersandtheEfficiencyofMarkets幻灯片.pptVIP

Consumers, Producers, and the Efficiency of Markets;Revisiting the Market Equilibrium;Welfare Economics;Welfare Economics;Welfare Economics;Consumer Surplus;Consumer Surplus;Four Possible Buyers’ Willingness to Pay...;Consumer Surplus;Four Possible Buyers’ Willingness to Pay...;Measuring Consumer Surplus with the Demand Curve;Q2;Consumer Surplus and Economic Well-Being;Producer Surplus;The Costs of Four Possible Sellers...;Producer Surplus and the Supply Curve;Supply Schedule for the Four Possible Sellers...;Producer Surplus and the Supply Curve...;The area below the price and above the supply curve measures the producer surplus in a market.;Measuring Producer Surplus with the Supply Curve...;Measuring Producer Surplus with the Supply Curve...;P2;Market Efficiency;Economic Well-Being and Total Surplus;Economic Well-Being and Total Surplus;Market Efficiency;Market Efficiency;Evaluating the Market Equilibrium...;;Three Insights Concerning Market Outcomes;Price;The Efficiency of the Equilibrium Quantity;Market Power;Externalities;Summary;Summary;Summary;Summary;Graphical Review;Measuring Consumer Surplus with the Demand Curve...;Measuring Consumer Surplus with the Demand Curve...;Measuring Consumer Surplus with the Demand Curve...;How the Price Affects Consumer Surplus...;Producer Surplus and the Supply Curve...;Measuring Producer Surplus with the Supply Curve...;Measuring Producer Surplus with the Supply Curve...;How Price Affects Producer Surplus...;Evaluating the Market Equilibrium...;Consumer and Producer Surplus in the Market Equilibrium...;Price;Application:The Costs of Taxation;The Costs of Taxation;The Costs of Taxation;The Effects of a Tax...;The Effects of a Tax;Tax Revenue;Tax Revenue...;How a Tax Affects Welfare...;Changes in Welfare from a Tax;How a Tax Affects Welfare;Deadweight Losses and the Gains from Trade;The Deadweight Loss...;Determinants of Deadweight Loss;Tax Distortions and Elasticities...;Tax Distortions and Elasticities...;Tax Distortions