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chapter Modeling of Dynamic Systems动态系统的章节建模.pdf

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Chapter 2 Mathematical Models of Dynamic Systems (Chapter 3) 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 What is a Mathematical Model of a System and Its Purpose: • A mathematical model of a system is a set of equations (mathematic language) which describe the behavior of the system in some accuracy. • A mathematical model of a system has at least the following three purposes: – Simulation. One may consider the design problem of the pilot ejection system of a ﬁghter; – Prediction. One may consider the long term weather forecast problem; – Analysis of the performance of a control system. If it is not satisfactory, the design procedure described in the last Chapters can be started so that the undesired behavior can be compensated based upon the mathematical model and desired performance can be achieved. 2.1.2 Deﬁnitions and Nomenclatures What is a dynamic system? • Consider a mechanical translation system: x(t) F (t) m • Assume that the mass m is dimensionless and rigid. The mathematical description is m d2 x = F , =⇒ v (t) = x˙ (t) = t 1 F (τ )dτ d t2 m −∞ The velocity v (t) depends on all values of F (τ ), τ ∈ (−∞ , t], =⇒ Dynamic system. An example of static system: the resistant i(t) = u(t) . R • Linear system? Let F1 (t) and F2 (t) be any two input forces v1 (t) and v2 (t) be the corresponding output res