《人力资源管理》双语课件PPT：第二讲 工作分析.ppt

* * * * * * * Job Design is an outgrowth of job analysis that improves jobs through technological and human considerations to enhance organization efficiency and employee job satisfaction. Successful job design is a combination of four basic considerations: Organizational Objectives. These include the tasks, duties, and responsibilities to be performed. Division of labor decisions are based on the overall organizational objectives set by upper management and form the basis of job creation. Industrial Engineering. Industrial engineering is a field of study concerned with analyzing work methods and establishing time standards. This involves observation and stopwatch timing of how long it takes to complete a given work cycle. Standards are developed and subsequent modifications are based on worker improvement based upon experience and learning. While objective, this element of job design often is at odds with psychological processes related to worker satisfaction. Ergonomic Concerns. Ergonomics is an interdisciplinary approach to designing equipment and systems that can be used easily and efficiently by human beings. It seeks to “fit the machine to the person rather than the person to the machine.” Ergonomics is an important counterbalance to industrial engineering in job design. It also attempts to minimize the harmful effects of carelessness, negligence, and other human failings that can cause product defects and possible injury and death to employees. Employee Contributions. Employee contributions are seen in work process improvements based on line experience and the implementation of decentralized decision making. Techniques for gaining employee contribution include employee empowerment, employee involvement groups, and work teams. Note: Empowerment is covered in greater detail on the following slide. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 第*页 观察法 有助于了解岗位比较客观的信息；能较多、较深刻地了解工作要求。 不适用于高层领导、研究工作、工作周期长或技术复杂的工作、不