《数字图像处理 Digital Image Processing》课件 Digital Image Fundamentals.pptVIP

Class evaluation and problem assignment Lecture 2: Chapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals Homework assignment: P71-P73, 2.4, 2.6, 2.7, 2.10, 2.20 Read pages 34~62. Two way interactive question-and-answer session. Today’s Lecture objectives Well understand some basic relationships between pixels, including the following: 1) neighbors, adjacency, path and connectivity. 2) definition of regions and boundaries. Understand the different ways of measuring pixel distance, including Euclidean, city-block and chessboard distance. Understand the concept of linear and nonlinear operations. Lecture 3: Chapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals Shannon sampling theorem (香农采样定理): if the function is sampled at a rate equal to or greater than twice its highest frequency, it is possible to recover completely the original function from its samples. Sampling rate in images is the number of samples taken (in both spatial directions) per unit distance. Aliasing (混叠) and Moiré Patterns (莫尔条纹) Lecture 3: Chapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals Illustration of sampling frequency less than signal frequency If the function is undersampled, then a phenomenon called aliasing corrupts the sampled image. Lecture 3: Chapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals Illustration of aliasing effect Original brick wall Should be after down sampling Actual after down sampling (aliasing effect) Lecture 3: Chapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals In real situation, aliasing is always present in a sampled image. The effect of aliased frequencies can be seen in the form of Moiré patterns. Illustration of Moiré Patterns Lecture 3: Chapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals Images with Moiré patterns Lecture 3: Chapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals 1. It is impossible to satisfy the sampling theorem in practice. 2. We can only work with sampled data that are finite in duration. 3. So prior to sampling, the image high-frequency components must be reduced in one way or another to reduce aliasing effects. Sampling in real world Lectu