Unit 5 Text B注释及译文.docVIP

Lead Compounds Before any medicinal chemistry project can get underway, a lead compound is required. A lead compound will have some property considered therapeutically useful. The property sought will depend on the tests used to detect the lead compound, which in turn depends on the drugs target. The level of biological activity may not be particularly high, but that does not matter. The lead compound is not intended to be used as a clinical agent. It is the starting point from which a clinically useful compound can be developed. Similarly, it does not matter whether the lead compound is toxic or has undesirable side effects. Again, drug design aims to improve the desirable effects of the lead compound and to remove the undesirable effects. seek [si:k] vt. vi.寻找; 探寻vi.企图; 试图vt.请求, 征求; in turn ① 依次, 轮流地；② 相应地；转而 target [tɑ:ɡit] n. (射击的)靶子；(欲达到的)目[指]标；(服务的)对象; (攻击的)对象 vt. 瞄准某物 intend [intend] vt. 意欲, 打算；打算使, 想让…做 undesirable [,?nd?za??r?b?l] n. 不受欢迎的人;不良分子 adj. 可能招致麻烦或不便的;不想要的；不受大家欢迎的;讨厌的 找到先导化合物是开展任何一项药物化学课题研究的前提。一种先导化合物应该具有与治疗作用有关的某些特性。药物作用的靶点决定寻找先导化合物所进行的试验，试验决定所能发现的先导化合物的特性。先导化合物的生物活性可能不是很强，这无关紧要。因为先导化合物不能被直接用作临床药物，它只是开发临床上有用的化合物的起点。先导化合物是否具有毒性或不良反应同样也不重要。因为药物设计的目的就是要提高先导化合物的期望效应，去除不良反应。 Lead compounds can be obtained from a variety of different sources such as the flora and fauna of the natural world, or synthetic compounds made in the laboratory. There is also the potential of designing lead compounds using computer modeling or NMR spectroscopic studies. variety [v?rai?ti] n. 品种, 种类；种种, 各种；变化, 多样化 flora [fl?:r?] n. (某地区或某时期的)植物群;植物区系; 植物志 fauna [f?:n?] n. (某一地区或某一时期的)动物群 synthetic [sinθetik] adj. 合成的, 人造的；〈口〉假的, 非天然的; 虚伪的 n.合成物, NMR = nuclear magnetic resonance [rez?n?ns] 核磁共振 spectroscopic [,spektr?sk?pik] adj. 分光镜的，光谱的 spectroscope [spektr?sk?up] n. 分光镜 spectroscopy [spektr?sk?pi] n. 光谱学 先导化合物可以有多种来源，例如来源于自然界的菌群和动物群或者来自实验室合成的化合物。通过计算机模拟或者核磁共振光谱研究也可能设计出先导化合物。 In order to search for lead compounds, a suitable test is required. This could be a test t