(精选)Blood-Clotting教学课件.pptVIP

Blood Clotting;Coagulation;Hemostasis;1. Primary hemostasis Platelet activation ;3. The adhesion is strengthened by circulating proteins (vWF) Binding intermediaries von Willebrand factor;4. This adhesion activates the platelets. 5. Activated platelets release the contents of stored granules into the blood: plasma ADP, serotonin, platelet activating factor (PAF), von Willebrand factor (vWF) , platelet factor 4 thromboxane A2 (TXA2);6. The granules contents activate: Gq-linked protein receptor cascade Increased calcium concentration in the platelets cytosol. Activates protein kinase C Activates phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Modifies the integrin membrane glycoprotein Increasing its affinity to bind fibrinogen. ;7. The activated platelets changed shape from spherical to stellate 8. The fibrinogen cross-links with glycoprotein aid in aggregation of adjacent platelets. ;The pathways are a series of reactions;Coagulation factors are generally indicated by Roman numerals, with a lowercase a appended to indicate an active form. ;Generation of Thrombin;Prothrombin is produced in the liver and is post-translationally modified in a vitamin K-dependent reaction that converts ten glutamic acids on prothrombin to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla). In the presence of calcium, the Gla residues promote the binding of thrombin to phospholipid bilayers;Deficiency of vitamin K or administration of the anticoagulant warfarin inhibits the production of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues, slowing the activation of the coagulation cascade. In human beings the level of prothrombin in the blood stream increases after birth and typically peaks on the 8th day after which the prothrombin level lowers to normal levels ;Action of Thrombin;Action of Thrombin In platelets;Ca;Gihan Gawish.Dr;Electron Micrograph of Fibrin;A fibrin clot is formed by the interplay of the intrinsic, extrinsic, and final common pathways. The intrinsic pathway begins with the activa