(精编)miRNA概述 miRNA.presentation.pptVIP

Nature Reviews Genetics 5; 631(2004); doi:10.1038/nrg1415 MicroRNAs: small RNAs with a big role in gene regulation;Nature Reviews Genetics 5; 631(2004); doi:10.1038/nrg1415MicroRNAs: small RNAs with a big role in gene regulation;microRNAs 1. Derived from an endogenous, structured transcript (pre-miRNA) 2. One miRNA accumulates 3. Evolutionary conserved 4. Usually located away from genes 5. Imperfect pairing blocks translation 6. Incorporated into miRNP 7. Regulate expression of genes encoded at another locus 8. miRNAs bind to the target 3 UTRs through imperfect complementarity at multiple sites ;Figure 1?|? The molecular hallmarks of lin-4, the founding member of the microRNA family.? ;Fig. 1: C. elegans worms that contain mutations in the let-7 miRNA gene develop abnormally, often rupturing at the midsection. The let-7 miRNA is expressed in most animals, including humans, where it may also play an essential role in regulating development. ;;;Fig. 1. Correlation between FRAs and miRs. A karyotype showing the position of 113 FRAs and 186 miRs is presented. The 61 miRs located in the same chromosomal band as the FRA are red. We were able to precisely locate 35 miRs inside 12 cloned FRAs. The red arrow shows frequently observed FRAs ;Fig. 3. MiRs as cancer players. Some of these proposed mechanisms are experimentally proven, like the HD of miR-15amiR-16a cluster in B-CLL (9), the c-myc overexpression by the reposition near a putative miR promoter, or miR143miR-145 cluster down-regulation in colon cancers (39). ;Table 2. Examples of miRs located in minimal deleted regions, minimal amplified regions, and breakpoint regions involved in human cancers;;;;;;Correlations between miRNAs and Disease Calin et al. (2002) Frequent deletions and down-regulation of micro-RNA genes miR15 and miR16 at 13q14 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Proc. Nat. Aca. Sci. 99, 15524-9. Caudy AA, Myers M, Hannon GJ, Hammond SM. (2002) Fragile X-related protein and VIG associate with the RNA inte