语言学,句法幻灯片.pptVIP

c) Textual 语篇功能 Language has to provide for making links with itself and with features of the situation in which it is used. Halliday recognizes six processes: 1. Material process 物质过程 2. Mental process 心理过程 3. Relational process 关系过程 4. Behavioural process行为过程 5. Verbal process 言语过程 6. Existential process 存在过程 （1）Material process: process of doing, important participants in the process. 一般由动态动词。 My brother built all these houses. Actor Process Goal 既有动作者又有目标，可主动可被动。 （2）Mental process心理过程：process of sensing. perception: see, hear, smell , feel 、reaction: like, please, cognition: know, believe, convince . He saw the North Star. sense process phenomenon The glass broke yesterday。 （3）Relational process 关系过程：process of being (属性过程)，relation between one experience and another. a）Carlos is a poet. Margie looks happy. b) My name is Alice. Three times three equals nine. Hamlet was played by Mr. Garrick. (4) Behavioural process: 行为过程physiological and psychological behaviour ,like breathing, smiling, dreaming. (5 ) Verbal process言语过程：process of saying. It covers any kinds of symbolic exchange of meaning. Say, tell, praise , boast, describe etc. I said that you should keep quiet. My watch says it’s nine o’clock. (6) Existen- tial存在过程： Sth. existence or happening. Be, exist, arise etc. There is a pen on the desk. Does life exist on Mars? On the wall there hangs a picture. II． The difference from other linguistics: 1. It attaches great importance to the sociological aspects of language. 2. It views language as a form of doing rather than a form of knowing. It distinguishes linguistic behaviour potential from actual linguistic behaviour. 　　 3. It gives a high priority to description of the characteristics of particular languages and particular varieties of languages. 4. It explains a number of aspects of language in terms of clines. 5.