杨思琪-译文.doc

大连东软信息学院 毕业设计（论文）外文资料及译文 系 所： 信息管理 专 业 信息管理与信息系统（SAP ERP开发方向） 班 级： 信息开发12002班 姓名 杨思琪 学 号： 12120900225 大连东软信息学院 Neusoft University of Information外文资料和译文格式要求 一译文必须采用计算机输入、打印。A4幅面打印，于左侧装订。二要求The terms purchasing and procurement are often used interchangeably, although they do differ in scope. Purchasing generally refers to the actual buying of materials and those activities associated with the buy process. Procurement has a broader meaning, and includes purchasing, traffic, warehousing and receiving inbound materials. The purchasing decision-maker might be likened to juggler, attempting to keep several balls in the air at the same time, for the purchaser must achieve several goals simultaneously. The goals of purchasing are to: 1. Provide an uninterrupted flow of materials, supplies and services required to operate the organization. 2. Keep inventory investment and toss at a minimum. 3. Maintain adequate quality standards. 4. Find or develop quality vendors. 5. Standardize the items bought, if possible. 6. Purchase required items and services at the lowest ultimate prices. 7. Maintain the organizations competitive position. 8. Achieve harmonious, productive working relationships with other departments within the organization. 9. Accomplish the purchasing objectives at the lowest possible level of the administrative costs. Among the primary purchasing activities that influence the ability of the firm to achieve objectives are supplier selection and evaluation (sourcing), quality control, and forward buying. Supplier Selection and Evaluation In the acquisition process, perhaps the most important activity is selecting the best supplier from among a number of vendors that can supply the needed materials. The buying process is complex because of the variety of factors that must be considered w