An investigation of the microbial processes involved in ：参与的微生物过程研究.pptVIP

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2018-04-17 发布于江西
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An investigation of the microbial processes involved in ：参与的微生物过程研究.ppt

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An investigation of the microbial processes involved in ：参与的微生物过程研究.ppt

The Possibilities of Biological Fuel Cells Microbial Electricity Generation * Microbial fuel cells are based on the recently identified ability of microorganisms to pass electrons directly onto the surfaces of electrodes during catabolic respiration. Organic Carbon CO2 e- O2 H2O NO3- Fe3+ SO42- CO2 N2 Fe2+ HS- CH4 Anode CH3COO- + 2OH- ? 2CO2 + 5H+ + 8e- Two-chambered (poised-potential) electrochemical cell Gr Graphite working electrode: Anode (oxidizing) Graphite counter electrode: Cathode (reducing) H2O O2 + H+ + e- Cation-selective membrane Ag Reference electrode Gr Anaerobic Graphite Ag Indirect reduction Concept Microorganisms catabolize organic electron donors producing electrons which are transferred onto the anode Organic carbon CO2 ESred Organic carbon CO2 ESox Direct reduction Advantages of Biofuel cells More efficient than turbine (~25%) or solar (~15%) electricity generation Does not require substrate to be combustible Does not require the use of toxic and expensive heavy metals or metalloids Is not limited by the reactivity of the electron donor Do not produce toxic endproducts Powering Monitoring Devices in Remote Locations Powering Electronic Devices from Renewable Energy Sources Decentralized domestic power source Conversion of waste organic matter to electricity instead of methane Conversion of renewable biomass to electricity instead of ethanol Bioremediation of environmental contaminants Potential Applications of Biofuel cells Improved efficiency Crucial parameters of operational effectiveness Bacterial metabolism Bacterial electron transfer Performance of the cation selective membrane Intrinsic electrical resistance of the system Efficiency of the cathode oxidation step Biological Physical Chemical and Biological Studies done to date have: Investigated electricity generation under constant resistance (load) or constant voltage Investigated electricity generation by pure cultures under a poised potential with glucose, lactate, benzoate, ac