Research-based Spin-offs基于分拆研究.pptVIP

Research-based Spin-offs Issues in benchmarking OECD member country performance Workshop Objectives Review of definitions and data available Elaboration of spin-off models/typology Review of strategies and policies for the promotion of spin-offs Evaluation of spin-offs as indicator of health of public-private interface in NIS TIP Benchmarking Project Spin-offs are one measurable mx of tech transfer b/t public and private sectors We want to compare performance, but there are methodology challenges: definitions data comparability weighting spin-offs in benchmarking exercise Country input important to future work What counts as a public research-based spin-off? No standard definition Narrow: any new firm which includes a public sector or univ employee as a founder Broader: employee founders + licensees + firms in which the institution holds equity Broadest: employees + licensees + equity + students/alumni + incubator firms + other? Questionnaire Answers Where to draw the line? Too narrow: undercounts frequency with which countries/institutions generate new firms. Too broad: distinction b/t public sector spin-offs and high tech start-ups becomes fuzzy. Definitional consistency needed for OECD Benchmarking study Spin-off formation rates Not regularly monitored by most countries A handful of countries have national data Belgium, France, Germany, Norway obtainable for Canada, UK, US Institutional or regional v. national data Yearly formation rates v. cumulative totals Normalization of rates by researcher, institution, RD funding Type of Data Future work (1) Correspondence with governments to clarify definition and data sent to OECD Focus on countries w/ national level data More limited comparisons of countries with institutional or regional data, e.g. growth rates Cooperation with other projects Spin-off typologies What exactly is exchanged between the public sector and a private spin-off? Personnel, capital, licenses, physical space, equipment, contacts, know-h