Complex Societal Issues：复杂的社会问题.pptVIP

natural threats: localchicken farms fowl plague virus man made threats: global: terrorismMadrid 03/11 2004 CO2 Emission ReductionsKyoto Protocol USA already ratified? No, just like India and Turkey All these complex societal problem differs much from each other Yet they can be analyzed, handled and evaluated in the same way. How to handle these kind of problems belongs to the field of societal complexity. foot and mouth disease man made threats: local agricultural industry man made threats: local nucleair power plants these threats are complex societal problems complex societal problem differs much from each other however can be analyzed, handled and evaluated in the same way along the lines of the methodology of societal complexity Definition of Complex Societal Problems DeTombe 2005 (1) a complex societal problem is a real life problem, which has a large however often different impact on different groups in the society. The problem has often an impact on all the levels of the society, on micro, meso and macro level. Often it seems that the problem suddenly ‘pops-up’. The problem is dynamic, it changes during its development. The future development of the problem is uncertain. It is often difficult to become aware of the problem and difficult to put it on the political agenda. It is difficult to get grip on the problem and to handle the problem. Only changes are possible, no ‘solutions’. Definition of Complex Societal Problems DeTombe 2005 (2) The problem has a knowledge, a power and an emotional component. The problem consist of many phenomena which are complicated intertwined with each other. Often there is a lack of knowledge, the data are incomplete, uncertain or in contradiction with each other. The problem is interdisciplinary and it takes theories from different fields to explain what is happening. There are many parties involved. Each party has a different view on the problem, a different definition of the problem, and