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公司法和商法（双语）讲义 第18章Corporate and Business Law Chapter 18
Directors
1 General
1.1 Types of director
Company may have in addition to its full time executive directors:
Non-executive directors : Part time
Generally have specific expertise.
Take objective standpoint and question executive directors actions.
De facto directors : Person who purports to act as or occupies position of director.
May as a consequence be treated as if they were directors.
See agency notes for possible liability.
Shadow directors : Not formally appointed.
Are persons in accordance with whose instructions directors are accustomed to act.
Have the same duties liabilities and obligations as any other director.
1.2 Minimum numbers
(a) Private company: one director.
(b) Public company: two directors.
(c) Both private and public companies must also appoint a company secretary. This person cannot also be sole director.
Overview
ADMINISTRATIVE
Eligibility Appointment Removal
1.3 Persons eligible:
(a) Anyone can be appointed except:
(i) persons disqualified by the articles.
Table A disqualifies lunatics, or absentees from board meetings for more than 6 months without consent;
(ii) undischarged bankrupts;
(iii) companys auditor;
(iv) anyone over 70 unless:
permitted by articles, or (plcs only) where appointment is approved in GM (s.293)
(v) persons disqualified by Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986.
(b) Effect of order under CDDA 1986:
A person is disqualified from being (s.1)
(i) a director/shadow director
(ii) liquidator/administrator/receiver
(iii) involved in any way in the promotion, formation or management of a company.
(c) Reasons for disqualification:
1 Conviction re indictable offence
2 Persistent failure to make returns. (3 or more in last 5 years).
3 Fraud, or breach of duty in winding-up.
4 Unfitness.
5 Following investigation (DTI).
6 Following fraudulent or wrongful trading.
1.4 Appointment, Retirement and Removal
(a) First directors:
Can be appointed by:
(i) subscribers to the memorandum subscribers sign a notice
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