利用油泥生产油煤水浆的实验研究-环境工程专业论文 word格式.docxVIP

摘要油泥是油田开发及储运过程中产生的重要污染物之一，也是制约油田环境质量持续 提高的一大难题。随着我国大多数油田进入中后期开采阶段，采出油中含水率越来越高， 油泥产量将不断增加。如何妥善、科学地处理这些油泥，已成为困扰石油石化行业的一 大难题。本研究通过水煤浆技术，利用油田油泥制备油煤水浆，对油泥的资源化、能源 化利用和处置进行了积极探索。本文主要集中在以下几个方面对制备的油煤水浆进行了 试验研究：（1）利用油泥制备油煤水浆的可行性研究。根据油泥和煤样性质，采用将油泥分散 处理与高浓度水煤浆混掺的设计方案，研究了制备的油煤水浆的成浆性。结果表明，降 粘后油泥添加量为 20%～25%，制备的油煤水浆表观粘度均在 1000 mPa ·s 以下，且具有 良好的流动性，成浆性较好；在不添加稳定剂的情况下，30 d 内未发生硬沉淀或分层现 象，具有较高的稳定性，满足工业应用的要求。（2）通过热分析试验，研究了油泥、水煤浆以及油煤水浆的燃烧特性。结果表明， 油泥的掺入使油煤水浆的着火温度较普通水煤浆提前，挥发分析出燃烧更迅速，但是可 燃性指数和燃烧特性指数略有下降，降低了浆体燃烧的着火和燃尽性能。油煤水浆燃烧 特性总体表现贴近水煤浆的燃烧结果，热重曲线基本位与水煤浆燃烧曲线相似。（3）对利用油泥制备的油煤水浆燃烧后烟气和燃烧后灰渣浸出液重金属含量进行检 测。结果表明，油泥添加比例 25%制备的油煤水浆燃烧后烟气排放和燃烧后灰渣浸出液 重金属含量符合国家相关要求。利用分散技术对油泥进行降粘制备油煤水浆，油泥的加入不仅有效降低了料浆生产 成本，增加了企业的经济效益，而且达到了油泥处理的减量化、无害化、资源化要求， 为油泥的处理利用提供了一种新的方法和思路，具有广阔的发展空间。关键词：油泥；油煤水浆；成浆性；热分析；燃烧ABSTRACTOil slud ge is not only one of important pollutant in the development and transportation of oilfield, but also a different problem of oil field environment quality continuous improvement. With Chinas most oilfield exploitation passing into the mid-late period , oil moist ure content is more and more high, output of oil slud ge will continue to increase. How to dispose the oil slud ge properly and scientifica lly has become a great problem of petroleum and petrochemica l industry. The study make a positive exploration of oil sludge energy-oriented use and disposa l which base on the technology of CWS(coal water slurry). The exper imental researches of the product ion of the oil-coal-water slurry are ma inly focus on the follow ing aspects:Firstly, the feasibility study of the oil-coal-water slurrys product ion used by the oily slud ge. According to the properties of oil and coal, adopt the design proposal that mixing the scattered processing sludge and high concentration coal-water slurry, studied the coal-oil-water slurry preparation into slurry ability. Results indicate that apparent viscosity of oil-coal-water slurry is blow the 1000 mPa·s and the fluid ity and slurry ability are good when the addi