假肢矫形教学课件.pptVIP

Properties of thermoplastics塑料的特性 Heated at 180 °C at an oven, and mould onto a plaster model.烤箱中180 °C 加热，并在石膏模型上浇铸 Vacuum can be applied so that the thermoplastic better conform to the plaster model; 可使用真空吸尘器，以便塑料更好地符合石膏模型 Odorless无气味的 Shrinkage: about 6 % 缩水：大约6% Self-adhesive when it’s hot 变热时其自动粘合 Examples of the uses of thermoplastics 塑料使用的例子 Spinal orthoses脊柱矫形器 Lower limb orthoses下肢矫形器 Foot orthoses 足矫形器 Spinal orthoses 脊柱矫形器 Sometimes prosthetic sockets 有时用于假体接受腔 Leather 皮革 Leather is made by subjecting the proteins of animal skin to a process known as tanning 将兽皮的蛋白质进行加工，制成皮革，称之为鞣 Tanning permanently changes the protein structure of skin: 鞣长久地改变兽皮的蛋白质结构 This process make the skin becomes more durable; 此加工使兽皮变得更加耐用 Usually acidic chemicals (tannin) are used; 通常使用酸性化学品（鞣酸） Coloring may occur during tanning制革期间，可能产生变色 Hides and skin (皮革) are the raw material for leather production 皮革是制造皮革制品的原材料 Skin: from smaller animals 毛皮：来源于较小的动物 Hide: from animals with a body surface of more than 1m2, thickness of at least several mm.大块皮：来源于身体表面大于1平米、厚度至少几毫米的动物。 Major animal hides and skins used for leather making: bovine, buffaloes, goats, sheeps, pigs, horses and kangaroos 用于皮革制作的主要动物皮革有：牛科动物、水牛、山羊、绵羊、猪、马、袋鼠 Properties of leather 皮革的特性 Hide or skin of each species of animal has its own characteristic length, width, thickness, fiber structure and grain surface 各种动物的大块皮或毛皮拥有其自有的特征长度、宽度、厚度、纤维结构和粒面 Physical and mechanical properties of leather depends on:皮革的物理和机械性能取决于： The species; 种类 Nutritional status of the animals; 动物的营养状况 Age; 年龄 Process of tanning 制革过程 Advantages of using leather使用皮革的优点 Fabric materials can provide the same functions as leather, but leather have advantages over fabric as: 纤维材料能提供与皮革一样的功能，但是皮革拥有比纤维更多的优势： Leather has a useful life of 15-20 years, and fabric usually have 4-5 years.皮革的使用寿命为15-20年，纤维通常为4-5年 Leather will not tear easily. 皮革不易撕破 Colors absorbed by the leather will not rub off or fade.皮革吸收的颜色将不会磨去或褪色 Leather is fire resistant and