湖南师大分子生物学课件E-ding-2010.pptVIP

Electron Microscopy of replicating DNA reveals replicating bubbles Priming is required to start DNA synthesis The cell cycle is controlled by many cyclin-Cdk complexes G1 S G2/M Cyclin-Cdk Cyclin-Cdk Cyclin-Cdk Budding Yeast CLN1,2,3-CDC28 CLB5,,(3,4)-CDC28 CLB1,2(3,4)-CDC28 Fission Yeast CIG1-CDC2 CIG2-CDC2 CIG13-CDC2 Higher Eukaryotes CyclinD1,2,3-CDK4/6 CyclinA-CDK2 CyclinB-CDC2 CyclinE1,2-CDK2 Inhibitory control of cell cycle Questions 1. Why replication is semi-conservative? What is the semi-conservative replication? Describe the structural and biological reasons for this replication mechanism? 2. What is semi-discontinuous replication？ Why DNA replication is semi-discontinuous? How the semi-discontinuous replication is accomplished in E. coli? 3. Compare the prokaryotic replication with eukaryotic replication. Questions 4. What is the end replication problem in eukaryotic cells? How is the end replication problem resolved 5. What are the mechanisms that keep the high accuracy of DNA replication 6. What is replicon? How many origins and termini shall a replicon contain? 7. Please describe the whole molecular process of bacterial DNA replication, including the featured steps and enzymes involved. Replication fork 3. DNA pol e: on the lagging strand (滞后链) that replaces DNA pol a. synthesized Okazaki fragments are very short (135 bp in SV40), reflecting the amount of DNA unwound from each nucleosome. DNA pol e: 在后滞链上取代 DNA pol a. 合成的冈崎片段非常短 (135 bp in SV40), 反应了从每个核小体解缠绕的DNA的片段的长度。 Other eukaryotic DNA polymerases: ? for DNA repair, ? for mtDNA replication 其它真核DNA聚合酶: ? DNA 修复, ? mtDNA 复制 E4: Eukaryotic DNA replication Nuclear Matrix核基质 Scaffold(支架) of insol